GHK-Cu
Copper tripeptide
A naturally-occurring copper-binding tripeptide studied extensively for skin remodeling, hair follicle activity and wound repair.
How it works
GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide first identified in human plasma, where its levels decline substantially with age. Its central mechanism involves delivering copper intracellularly, which acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in collagen and elastin cross-linking.
Gene expression studies report that GHK-Cu resets the activity of thousands of genes toward patterns associated with tissue remodeling and repair, shifting cells away from fibrotic and inflammatory signaling and toward collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis.
In dermal and hair follicle research, this shift is linked to improved skin density, reduced wrinkle depth, and increased follicle activity in topical trial settings. Subcutaneous administration is separately studied and is commonly reported to cause transient site irritation compared with topical delivery.
What research has shown
Gene-expression work reports it shifts over 4,000 human genes toward a younger profile; topical trials show improved skin density and wrinkle depth.
Reported ranges in the literature
Low end
1 mg per session
Optimal
1.5 to 2 mg per session
High end
3 mg per session
Frequency reported in the literature: 2 to 5× weekly; often topical rather than injected in dermal research. Note: Subcutaneous administration is commonly reported to cause transient site irritation.
Frequently asked questions
What is GHK-Cu?
GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper tripeptide studied for skin remodeling, collagen synthesis, hair follicle activity, and wound repair.
How does GHK-Cu differ from BPC-157 for skin research?
GHK-Cu works primarily through copper-dependent gene expression changes favoring collagen and elastin synthesis, while BPC-157 works through VEGF-driven angiogenesis. They are often combined in blends like GLOW and KLOW for complementary dermal and repair signaling.
What does the research show?
Gene-expression studies report GHK-Cu shifts over 4,000 human genes toward a younger expression profile, and topical trials show improved skin density and wrinkle depth.
How is GHK-Cu typically studied?
Both topical and subcutaneous routes appear in the literature, with topical application more common in dermal-specific trials and subcutaneous use studied more broadly.
How long are research blocks typically?
Published protocols commonly describe 2 to 5 times weekly administration over multi-week periods to assess dermal remodeling endpoints.
Related compounds
Further reading
Research use only
All content on this page is general reference information for laboratory research contexts. It is not medical advice, is not intended to direct human use, and does not replace guidance from a licensed healthcare professional. Not for human consumption. Must be 18+.